How does a mechanical punch work?

1.Overview of Mechanical Punch

Mechanical punch machine, also known as stamping press, is a kind of equipment that uses punches and molds to stamp and process metal sheets. It plays an important role in industrial production, especially in the fields of metal processing, hardware manufacturing, and auto parts components. Mechanical punching machine is characterized by simple structure, convenient operation and high processing efficiency, so it is widely used.

2. Working Principle of Mechanical Punch 

(1) Power Transmission Path

The working principle of mechanical punch machine is to accumulate energy by driving the flywheel at high speed by electric power. When stamping is required, the clutch combines, and the flywheel drives the crankshaft and connecting rod to make the slider move downward. During the downward movement of the ram, the speed of the ram reaches the maximum value in the moment before the cam die contacts the concave die. When the convex die into the concave die, the slider by the reaction force gradually increased, resulting in a gradual decrease in the combined force on the slider, the acceleration decreases, the speed began to decrease until the slider stops moving and return. In this process, the punch plays a key role in stamping the sheet metal into the desired shape.

(2) Key Structure Analysis

-Crank slider structure: the core power conversion component, the stroke length is determined by the crankshaft eccentricity (common range 5-300mm).

-Clutch and brake: Pneumatic friction clutch response time <0.1 sec (Japan JIS B6402 standard), ensuring fast start/stop.

-Body structure: C-type open body is suitable for small and medium tonnage (≤200 tons), and closed body is used for high-precision large tonnage (such as punch machines over 400 tons).

3. Workflow of mechanical punch machine

(1) Processing preparation stage

In the processing preparation stage, the operator needs to carry out the following preparatory work:

-Set the processing parameters, including stroke, speed, strength and other parameters;

-Select suitable tools and fixtures to ensure the safety and stability of the workpiece;

-Adjust the position of the machine tool and the height of the table to adapt to different workpiece processing needs.

(2) Processing process stage

In the processing process stage, the mechanical punch machine carries out stamping processing according to the preset processing parameters and programs. The whole processing process mainly includes the following steps:

-Starting the machine tool, so that the machine tool enters the standby state;

-Place the workpiece on the table and clamp it;

-Controlling the downward and upward movement of the machine tool through the control system to realize the stamping processing;

-Adjust the processing parameters as needed to ensure the processing accuracy and quality.

(3) Processing Completion Stage

In the processing completion stage, the machine tool stops working and the operator needs to do the following:

-Remove the workpiece from the machine tool and inspect it;

-Clean up the machine tool and work site, and maintain the machine tool equipment;

-Save the machining parameters and program for next time.

4.Application Fields of Mechanical Punch Machines

Mechanical punch machines are widely used in various industrial fields, especially in metal processing, hardware manufacturing, auto parts and other industries. It can process various metal materials, such as steel, aluminum, copper, etc., to realize the production of parts of different shapes and sizes. At the same time, with the continuous progress of science and technology and the trend of automation in industrial production, mechanical punch machines are also being constantly updated to meet higher processing needs and stricter processing accuracy requirements.

In short, as an important metal processing equipment, mechanical punch machine plays an irreplaceable role in industrial production. Through in-depth understanding of the definition, working principle, and workflow of mechanical punch machine, you can better utilize the mechanical punch machine to improve the productivity and processing accuracy. If you are interested in Mechanical Punch Machine, please contact us, we will recommend the right machine and quote for you.